Birds of North Carolina
their Distribution and Abundance
Scientific Name:
Common Name:
 Family (Alpha):
RALLIDAE Members:
General Comments
The Clapper Rail is, by far, the easiest rail to see in the state and is the most characteristic bird of the tidal salt marshes. Also, it is one of the few rails that regularly calls during daylight hours. It has remained a common to locally very common bird in such marshes for many decades, even with a bit of hunting pressure. Because it is common all year, it is difficult to detect migratory movements; yet, the documentation of a number of birds inland from kills at TV towers or skyscrapers clearly shows that some birds not only migrate southward from the Northeastern coast but also cut across inland portions of the state, if only during the night, with little or no interest in landing until they reach coastal marshes.
Breeding Status
Breeder
NC BRC List
The species' status on the List of Bird Species of North Carolina: either Definitive, Provisional, or Extinct, as administered by the NC Bird Records Committee. The Provisional List contains species for which there are less than three accepted sight (i.e., non-documented) records. Species of unaccepted origin are not included on the List of Bird Species of North Carolina.
Definitive
State Status
none
U.S. Status
Definitive
State Rank
S4
Global Rank
G5
Coastal Plain
Permanent resident along the coast (tidal marshes); casual migrant elsewhere. Common to very common, and widespread, in nearly all salt marshes along the coast, including some brackish marshes around ponds and impoundments. Less numerous, though present, in some tidal brackish marshes farther inland, such as along the mainland shore of Pamlico Sound and major rivers. Casual to very rare (eight records) inland migrant in fall, late Aug to mid-Nov, with most records from Wayne. Casual (four records) in spring inland, on 17 Apr, 23 Apr, 23 Apr, and 27 Apr. Accidental in early summer inland, with one photographed at Watson Lake (Moore) on 19 Jun 2022 being exceptional. Peak counts: ?
Piedmont
Very rare transient in the eastern half of the province, but no records yet for the western portions. At least 16 records: records from Raleigh on 13 Apr and 21 Apr (year not given in Pearson et al., 1959); one (specimen dead at TV tower), Raleigh, 28 Sep 1984; one (specimen dead at skyscraper), Charlotte, 26 Apr 2004; one (specimen), Beaverdam Reservoir (Wake), 21 Sep 1987; one juvenile photographed in High Point (Guilford), 29 Aug 2011; one juvenile taken in by a wildlife rehabilitator in Huntersville (Mecklenburg), 17 Sep 2011; one photographed at Jordan Lake (Chatham), 25 Aug 2015; one photographed at Maple View Farm (Orange), 20-22 Sep 2015; one that survived a window collision in downtown Raleigh, 21 Apr 2016; one found moribund in Hickory (Catawba), 5 Sep 2016; one found moribund on a road in Raleigh, 18 Sep 2017; one in a Charlotte yard, 1 Oct 2018; one in an Apex (Wake) parking lot, 20 Sep 2021; one on the shoreline of Jordan Lake, 18 Sep 2024; one found dead in a parking lot in Lee, 3 Sep 2025.
Mountain
No records.
Finding Tips
****
The species is easily heard calling at dawn or dusk, and sporadically during the day and night, in most any tidal marsh. To see them, look mainly at low tide, as the birds walk out briefly onto the mudflats. At very high tides, they can be flushed by walking the edge of the water.